The first portraits that appear are in Egypt on the coffins of pharaohs. These were sometimes influenced by the early Greeks and Romans that went to Egypt. They were meant to keep the image of the dead person alive and remind them of what they looked like. The early Christian paintings like the Ravenna Portrait of Justinian however were meant to show not only what that person looked like but what they did and the things that that person was known for, as a way to record things about them.
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